Science in the 19th Century Periodical

The Review of Reviews [1st]

Introductory Essay
Volume 14  (July to December 1896)
Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 3–14.

The Progress of the World

Anon

Genre:

Regular Feature, Editorial, News-Commentary

Subjects:

Geology, Accidents, Steamships


    Observes that the 'greatest catastrophe that has been recorded for years is reported from Japan, where an earthquake followed by a tidal wave is said to have caused the death of 27,000 Japanese. Japan, however, is far away even in the days of the electronic telegraph, and the fate of these luckless ones has not attracted one-hundredth part of the attention that was excited by the loss of the SS Drummond Castle SS Drummond Castle
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, one of Sir Donald Currie's Currie, Sir Donald (1825–1909) ODNB
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African steamers' (14).



Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 17–36.

Character Sketch. Dr. Barnardo: The Father of "Nobody's Children"

Anon

Genre:

Regular Feature, Biography

Subjects:

Vitalism, Energy, Morality, Telegraphy, Religion, Experimental Psychology, Psychical Research


    Remarks that as a medical student Thomas J Barnardo Barnardo, Thomas John (1845–1905) ODNB
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was 'a serious young man , about as unlike the typical Bob Sawyer [a character in The Pickwick Papers Dickens, Charles John Huffam 1837. The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, 2 vols, London: Chapman and Hall
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] as it is possible to imagine. And yet perhaps not so unlike. For Bob suffered chiefly from an absurdly wasteful method of working off excess of vitality. There are French physicians who maintain that girls at certain periods in their development display a tendency which, if it is not diverted to mysticism or religion, will find satisfaction in vice; so there is some possibility that the two students, variously known as Sawyer and Barnardo, are both object-lessons as to the excess of energy, in one case operating to the waste of tissue by intemperate excessive indulgence, in the other to the waste of nervous energy by excessive sacrifice in using every moment for the helping of others. In both cases there is relief, but there is the difference: relief à la Sawyer is relief by suicide; relief à la Barnardo is relief by salvation' (18). Also comments that 'Strange though it may seem, [Barnardo] believes in God as a kind of Telephone Exchange of the universe, who graciously allows Himself to be rung up whenever any of His creatures need anything to carry on' (26). The 'Prayer Telephone [...] differs from the ordinary contrivance, inasmuch as the Central arranges for calls before it is rung up', and 'this theory of anticipatory telepathy [is] a phenomenon familiar enough to those who experiment in the obscure regions of the sub-conscious' (29).



Section: Leading Articles in the Reviews

Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 38.

The Native Races of South Africa. By Olive Schreiner

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Olive Schreiner Schreiner, Olive (1855–1920) CBD
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, Fortnightly Review Fortnightly Review (1865–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Race, Ethnology, Imperialism


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 48–49.

"Thus Saith the Lord" in South Africa. A New Commandment. By Olive Schreiner

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Olive Schreiner Schreiner, Olive (1855–1920) CBD
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, Fortnightly Review Fortnightly Review (1865–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Race, Ethnology, Imperialism, Breeding, Crime


    Comments that 'Schreiner could hardly fail to be immensely attracted by the sympathy of her nature to the half-breed—that most forlorn and tragic of all results of the impact of race on race. We have long been familiar with the painful and perplexing problem that is presented by the existence of a large Eurasian population in India, and now we learn from this article that the same problem presents itself quite as conspicuously in South Africa' (48). Also notes that 'the half-caste supplies the vicious and criminal class to South Africa', and that 'most half-breeds are themselves the children of half-breeds, for this unfortunate race increases and multiplies with rapidity' (49).



Section: The Reviews Reviewed

Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 57–59.

The Nineteenth Century

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

Edward B Tylor Tylor, Sir Edward Burnett (1832–1917) ODNB
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, Nineteenth Century Nineteenth Century (1877–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Anthropology


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 61–62.

The National Review

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

Louis Robinson Robinson, Louis (b. 1857) WBI
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, National Review National Review (1883–1900+) Sullivan 1984
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Subjects:

Health, Animal Behaviour


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 63.

The Contemporary Review

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

I Lennox Browne Browne, Isaac Lennox (1841–1902) WIVP
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, Contemporary Review Contemporary Review (1866–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Vaccination, Disease, Medical Treatment, Public Health


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 65–66.

The North American Review

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

Ernest T Hargrove Hargrove, Ernest T (fl. 1890–97) RLIN
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, Elizabeth B Wetmore Wetmore, Elizabeth Bisland (1861–1929) WBI
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, North American Review North American Review (1815–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Theosophy | Psychology


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 74–84.

The Book of the Month. The Decline and Fall of British Industrial Supremacy. An Appeal for Instant Action Ere It be Too Late

Anon

Genre:

Regular Feature, Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Williams 1896 Williams, Ernest Edwin 1896. "Made in Germany", London: William Heinemann
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Subjects:

Nationalism, National Efficiency, Government, Declinism, Industry, Artisans, Commerce, Statistics, Technology, Education, War, Analogy, Industrial Chemistry, Schools


    Expresses the hope that, as with the campaign of the Pall Mall Gazette Pall Mall Gazette (1865–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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in regard to the weakness of the Royal Navy Royal Navy
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in 1884, 'the publication of Mr. Williams's Williams, Ernest Edwin George (1866–1935) WBI
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exposition of the parlous state of British trade in its struggle with German competition will produce a [...] right-about-face' in the 'retrenchment' policy of the Conservative administration of Robert A T G Cecil (3rd Marquess of Salisbury) Cecil, Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (1830–1903) ODNB
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(74), and will perhaps even induce the adoption of policies that will enable 'the British artisan and manufacturer to hold their own in the life and death struggle which has begun with Germany' (75). After defeating the military power of France in 1870, the Germans 'set themselves as deliberately and as resolutely to challenge the industrial supremacy of Great Britain [...]. They have already won their Forbach and Worth in the industrial campaign, but they have as little notion of halting in their march as Von Moltke Moltke, Helmuth Karl Bernhard Freiherr von (1800–91) CBD
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had of stopping short of the walls of Paris' (77). Notes that 'Germany is overtaking us in iron and steel, and threatening us in textiles; but she is beating us hand over hand in chemicals. Our English chemists have for a long time past lived in Queer Street. Their German rivals are flourishing to the tune of dividends of 28 per cent'. In particular, their 'export of aniline to China and Japan has gone up threefold in the last five years, whilst our exports have steadily fallen. What makes it worse is that the aniline dyes were the discovery of an Englishman Perkin, William Henry (1838–1907) DSB
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, and at first the whole trade was in English hands'. (79) Although our 'practical men sneer at the professors who are so abundantly employed by their German rivals', there is 'no doubt' that the superiority of their scientific and technical education is 'the greatest of all the secrets of German success' (81). Indeed, while the 'British Hare, feeling secure' 'lay down and snoozed', the 'German Tortoise, finding that his own unaided natural powers were inadequate to give him even a show in the international competition, mounted himself upon the motor cycle of applied science, and, before long, was able to get up sufficient speed to render the issue of the race a foregone conclusion' (79).



Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 87–90.

Our Monthly Parcel of Books

Anon

Genre:

Regular Feature, Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Lydekker 1893, Lydekker, Richard, ed. 1893–96. The Royal Natural History, with pref. by P. L. Sclater, 6 vols, London and New York: Frederick Warne
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Dixon 1896, Dixon, Charles 1896. British Sea Birds, London: Bliss, Sands and Foster
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Allen 1896, Allen, Grant 1896. Moorland Idylls, London: Chatto & Windus
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Hudson 1896 Hudson, Thomson Jay 1896. A Scientific Demonstration of the Future Life, Chicago: A. C. McClurg; London: G. P. Putnam's Sons
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Subjects:

Natural History, Ornithology, Evolution, Soul, Psychical Research


^^ Back to the top of this issue

Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 99–109.

The Progress of the World

Anon

Genre:

Regular Feature, Editorial, News-Commentary

Subjects:

Transport, Machinery, Technology, Railways, Agriculture, Government


    Reports that the 'Light Railways Bill and the measure legalising the use of motor carriages on highways, both of which will be passed into law this month, are two measures which will probably have much greater influence upon the prosperity of our rural districts than the Agricultural Rating Bill' (109).



Section: Leading Articles in the Reviews

Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 141.

Electricity Direct From Coal

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Edward H Williams Williams, Edward Higginson (1849–1933) WBI
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, Engineering Magazine Engineering Magazine (1891–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Electrochemistry, Energy, Physics, Discovery


    Describes the 'wonderful discovery of Dr. Jacques Jacques, William White (1855–1932) WBI
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' which promises 'a revolution in power production by producing electricity directly from coal'.



Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 144.

Reminiscences of Professor Huxley. By Mr. Wilfrid Ward

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Wilfrid P Ward Ward, Wilfrid Philip (1856–1916) ODNB
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, Nineteenth Century Nineteenth Century (1877–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Scientific Practitioners, Scientific Naturalism


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 147.

[Professor Giddings's "Principles of Sociology"]

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Lester F Ward Ward, Lester Frank (1841–1913) WBI
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, Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science (1890–1900+) RLIN
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Subjects:

Sociology, Natural Law

Publications cited:

Giddings 1896 Giddings, Franklin Henry 1896. The Principles of Sociology: An Analysis of the Phenomena of Association and of Social Organization, London and New York: Macmillan & Co.
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Section: The Reviews Reviewed

Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 151–52.

The Nineteenth Century

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

Prince Peter Kropotkin Kropotkin, Prince Peter (1842–1921) CBD
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, Nineteenth Century Nineteenth Century (1877–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Astronomy, Extra-Terrestrial Life


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 152–54.

The Fortnightly Review

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

Alfred R Wallace Wallace, Alfred Russel (1823–1913) DSB
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, Olive Schreiner Schreiner, Olive (1855–1920) CBD
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, Fortnightly Review Fortnightly Review (1865–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Glaciology | Race, Ethnology, Imperialism, Extinction


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 154.

Borderland

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

[Ada M G Freer] Spoer (née Freer), Ada M Goodrich (1857–1931) ODNB
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, Richard Bland Bland, Richard (of 31 Francis Street, Hull) (fl. 1893) RR1/7/5a/9
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, Borderland Borderland (1893–97) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Psychical Research, Astrology


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 154.

[The London Quarterly Review]

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

London Quarterly Review London Quarterly Review (1853–57) London Review (1858–62) London Quarterly Review (1862–1900+) Altholz, 1989
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Subjects:

Human Species, Evolution, Palaeontology, Prehistory, Descent


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 158.

The Contemporary Review

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

Charles M Aikman Aikman, Charles Morton (fl. 1890–98) WIVP
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, Contemporary Review Contemporary Review (1866–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Agriculture, Bacteriology, Vaccination


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 162–63.

The North American Review

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

Felix L Oswald Oswald, Felix Leopold (1845–1906) WBI
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, North American Review North American Review (1815–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Meteorology


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 164.

The Arena

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

William T Parker Parker, William Thornton (b. 1849) WBI
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, W G Haskell Haskell, Mr W G (fl. 1896) RR1/14/2b/11
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, Arena Arena (1889–1900+) BUCOP
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Subjects:

Disease, Hospitals | Narcotics, Temperance, Medical Treatment, Heterodoxy

People mentioned:

Leslie E Keeley, Keeley, Leslie E (1832–1900) WBI
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William H Eustis Eustis, William Henry (1845–1928) WBI
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Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 165.

The Revue Des Deux Mondes

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

Georges Guéroult Guéroult, Georges (b. 1839) RLIN
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, Revue des Deux Mondes Revue des Deux Mondes (1831–1900+) BUCOP
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Subjects:

Scientific Practitioners, Internationalism, Aesthetics

People mentioned:

Hermann von Helmholtz Helmholtz, Hermann von (1821–94) DSB
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Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 185–88.

Our Monthly Parcel of Books

Anon

Genre:

Regular Feature, Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Cornish 1896, Cornish, Charles John 1896. Animals at Work and Play: Their Activities and Emotions, London: Seeley & Co.
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Lubbock 1896, Lubbock, John 1896. The Scenery of Switzerland and the Causes to Which It is Due, London: Macmillan & Co.
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Lydekker 1896 Lydekker, Richard 1896. A Geographical History of Mammals, Cambridge Geographical Series, Cambridge: at the University Press
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Subjects:

Natural History, Animal Behaviour, Geology, Glaciology, Biogeography


^^ Back to the top of this issue

Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 195–206.

The Progress of the World

Anon

Genre:

Regular Feature, Editorial, News-Commentary

Relevant illustrations:

map [2]; eng. [2]

Subjects:

Government, Sex, Hygiene, Public Health, Morality, Imperialism, Sanitation, Imposture, Vaccination, Gender, Crime, Mental Illness, Statistics, Error, Exploration, Physical Geography, Navigation, Heroism, Climatology

Institutions mentioned:

Army Army
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    Responds to 'an unwelcome rumour that the oft defeated medical police are dreaming of utilising the ascendancy of the present [Conservative] Government to restore the C. D. Acts for the benefit of the Indian Army', by maintaining a stern opposition to 'the sacred cause of State-patronised prostitution' (199–200). Although George F Hamilton Hamilton, Lord George Francis (1845–1927) ODNB
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, the Secretary of State for India, seeks 'by means of cooked statistics to prove that a sanitary millennium will be attained when Her Majesty provides one medically-certified native subject of hers and sisters of ours as the communal wife of each score or hundred soldiers maintained in India', he must come to recognize that '"No Thoroughfare" has been posted up once and for all by the British public across the road which they persist in trying to re-open'. Also reports that the 'zealots of sanitation who would immolate with indifference the principle of liberty and the obligations of morality for the off-chance of an infinitesimal improvement in the mortality returns, have just received a damaging blow from the report Final Report of the Royal Commission on Vaccination: Final Report of the Royal Commission Appointed to Inquire into the Subject of Vaccination, House of Commons Parliamentary Papers, Session 1896 [C.8270], 47, 889–1115
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of the Vaccination Commission Royal Commission on Vaccination
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'. The fifteen members of the commission led by Farrer Herschell Herschell, Farrer, 1st Baron Herschell (1837–99) ODNB
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, 'with never a woman among them, after the usual non-human custom in this country', have, while 'strongly affirming the advantages of vaccination, [...] unanimously condemn[ed] the present practice of sending to gaol parents who have conscientious objections to the vaccinations of their children, or even of subjecting them to fines for non-compliance with the Act'. Observes that the 'Jubilee report Report of the Commissioners in Lunacy: Fiftieth Annual Report of the Commissioners in Lunacy to the Lord Chancellor, House of Commons Parliamentary Papers, Session 1896 (304), 39, pt 1, 1–473
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of the Commissioners of Lunacy Commissioners in Lunacy
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records an unprecedented increase in the numbers of officially certified lunatics', although noting that 'Of those not so certified—including, it is to be feared, no small proportion of the officials themselves—no record exists'. Objects that from 'these figures some misleading conclusions have been drawn. It is extremely doubtful whether lunacy is really increasing amongst us. What is increasing is the disposition on the part of poor people to send their insane relatives to an asylum', and this 'decay of irrational prejudice on the part of our poor' is surely an 'indication [...] of increasing sanity' in spite of the official statistics. (200) Also reports the heroic failure of the Arctic expedition of Fridtjof Nansen Nansen, Fridtjof (1861–1930) DSB
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, who 'has done better than any who preceded him. But the North Pole remains to this day undiscovered' (204). Describes the terrible heat wave currently afflicting the eastern half of the United States of America, the 'most trying and disastrous experience of a climatic sort with which the country has been visited in our generation' (206).



Section: Leading Articles in the Reviews

Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 222.

Li Hung Chang. What He Thought of Us

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

United Service Magazine United Service Magazine (1889–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Race, Railways, Progress


    Suggests that the Chinese statesman Li Hong-Zhang Li Hong-Zhang (1823–1901) CBD
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has returned home after his tour of the West 'firmly determined to introduce railways into China without any waste of time'.



Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 236.

The Motive Power of the Future; or, the Apotheosis of the Gas Engine

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

George S Strong Strong, Mr George S (fl. 1896) RR1/14/3a/3
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, Cassier's Magazine Cassier's Magazine (1891–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Energy, Machinery, Dynamics


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 237.

[A Model of the World]

Anon

Genre:

Announcement

Subjects:

Mapping, Physical Geography


    Gives encouragement to 'Mr. Ruddiman Johnston's Johnston, Mr Ruddiman (fl. 1896) RR1/14/3a/4
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project of constructing a model of the world large enough to enable every one to appreciate the relative sizes printed in our atlases of different proportions'. The projected globe will be '84 ft. in diameter', giving 'an inch to every eight miles'.



Section: The Reviews Reviewed

Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 241–42.

The Nineteenth Century

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

Grace C Frankland Frankland (née Toynbee), Grace Coleridge (1858–1946) ODNB
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, Nineteenth Century Nineteenth Century (1877–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Bacteriology, Agriculture, Public Health


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 242.

The Fortnightly Review

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

E Ray Lankester Lankester, Sir Edwin Ray (1847–1929) DSB ODNB
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, Fortnightly Review Fortnightly Review (1865–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Evolution, Human Species, Temperance, Eugenics

Publications cited:

Reid 1896 Reid, George Archdall O'Brien 1896. The Present Evolution of Man, London: Chapman & Hall
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Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 245.

The North American Review

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

Louis Robinson Robinson, Louis (b. 1857) WBI
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, Henry S Williams Williams, Henry Smith (1863–1943) WBI
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, North American Review North American Review (1815–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Animal Behaviour | Ornithology, Heredity, Crime


^^ Back to the top of this issue

Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 289–96.

The Progress of the World

Anon

Genre:

Regular Feature, Editorial, News-Commentary

Subjects:

Engineering, Steamships, Antiseptics, Surgery, Popularization, Specialization


    Records the 'successful completion of the great engineering undertaking which has freed the Danube from its iron gates. A canal, five miles long, has been blasted out of the rocky bed of the river, rendering it possible for steamers to pass up and down with safety, where formerly the passage could only be made with the utmost difficulty and danger', and comments, 'What would it cost, I wonder, to have similar navigable canals through the cataracts of the Nile?' (293). Also notes that the Liverpool meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science British Association for the Advancement of Science
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'passed without notable or sensational incident. Sir Joseph Lister Lister, Joseph, 1st Baron Lister (1827–1912) DSB ODNB
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, the president, devoted his address, as was right and natural, to a sketch of the progress made in medicine and surgery by the discovery of antiseptics—a discovery with which his own name is honourably associated. Mr. Flinders Petrie Petrie, Sir (William Matthew) Flinders (1853–1942) ODNB
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read a paradoxical paper maintaining that reading and writing, instead of being the great instruments of culture, were responsible for the crippling of the mind'. Also observes that 'the scientific picnic of the year has seldom yielded less amusement for the general public, and one feels more and more the lack of a lucid intelligible survey of the progress of scientific discovery in all fields. Science is so specialised and scientists tend to become such Brahmins that the ignorance of the average man seems likely to become denser the more minutely the field of knowledge is surveyed' (296).



Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 299–306.

Character Sketch. Mrs. Josephine E. Butler

Anon

Genre:

Regular Feature, Biography

Subjects:

Sex, Hygiene, Public Health, Morality, Government, Gender, Vivisection, Imperialism

Publications cited:

Butler 1896 Butler, Josephine Elizabeth 1896. Personal Reminiscences of a Great Crusade, London: Horace Marshall and Son
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    Remarks that the 'whole essence of the C. D. Acts and of the State regulation of prostitution is based upon the belief that womanhood perishes with virginity, unless the marriage ceremony has been performed', and once we 'deny the human nature of any section of the community [...] the door is opened to every excess of cruelty. If they are not human we can crimp them as cod, boil them as lobsters, bleed them slowly to death like calves, vivisect them as guineapigs, or, worse still, we can place them under the control of the police surgeons of prison houses of ill-fame licensed and patronised by the State'. Indeed, one 'enthusiastic French doctor' has suggested that 'all fallen women should be examined surgically every morning, as a kind of family worship to the goddess Hygeia', even though the women 'detest this degrading ordeal'. (300) Also notes that George F Hamilton Hamilton, Lord George Francis (1845–1927) ODNB
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is hoping to 'discover some ingenious method of circumventing the repeatedly declared will of the nation [...] against the application of the hated slave system to the women of India', and reminds the Secretary of State for India of the 'passionate abhorrence the whole iniquity excites in the heart of all that is noblest and best in English womanhood' (306).



Section: Leading Articles in the Reviews

Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 320–21.

The Case for Unlimited Families. From a Jesuit Point of View

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Richard F Clarke Clarke, Richard Frederick (1839-1900) WBI
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, North American Review North American Review (1815–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Population, Sex, Morality, Christianity, Darwinism


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 322.

Human Evolution: Natural or Artificial? An Argument Against Natural Selection

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Herbert G Wells Wells, Herbert George (1866–1946) ODNB
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, Fortnightly Review Fortnightly Review (1865–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Human Species, Evolution, Darwinism, Morality


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 323.

The Evolution of the Family

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Paul Topinard Topinard, Paul (b. 1830) WBI
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, Monist Monist (1890–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Evolution, Animal Behaviour, Instinct


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 327.

Motor Carriages

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Leisure Hour Leisure Hour (1852–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Machinery, Technology, Transport, Invention

People mentioned:

Goldsworthy Gurney Gurney, Sir Goldsworthy (1793–1875) ODNB
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Section: The Reviews Reviewed

Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 334.

The Cosmopolitan

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

Cosmopolitan Magazine Cosmopolitan Magazine (1886–1900+) BUCOP
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Subjects:

Machinery, Technology, Transport


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 335–36.

The Fortnightly Review

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

Charles Johnston Johnston, Charles (1867–1931) WBI
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, Thomas Drapes Drapes, Thomas (1874–1919) WIVP
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, Fortnightly Review Fortnightly Review (1865–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Human Development, Comparative Philology | Mental Illness, Temperance, Heredity


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 336–37.

The Contemporary Review

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

James A Picton Picton, James Allanson (1832–1910) ODNB
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, Contemporary Review Contemporary Review (1866–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Vaccination, Controversy, Superstition

Institutions mentioned:

Royal Commission on Vaccination Royal Commission on Vaccination
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Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 342.

The Forum

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

Charles K Adams Adams, Charles Kendall (1835–1902) WBI
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, William P Northrup Northrup, William Perry (1851–1935) WBI
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, Forum Forum (1886–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Religion, Scientism, Controversy | Vaccination

Publications cited:

White 1896 White, Andrew Dickson 1896. A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom, 2 vols, London: Macmillan & Co.
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Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 344–45.

La Revue De Paris

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

O G de Heidenstann Heidenstann, O G de (fl. 1896) RR1/14/4b/11
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, Revue de Paris Revue de Paris (1894–1900+) BUCOP
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Subjects:

Exploration, Physical Geography, Navigation

People mentioned:

Fridtjof Nansen Nansen, Fridtjof (1861–1930) DSB
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Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 348–54.

"Buck Up and Look Slippy!". The Note of the Nation's Need To-Day

Anon

Genre:

Editorial

Subjects:

National Efficiency, Government, Declinism, Industry, Technology, Education, Schools

People mentioned:

Andrew Jamieson Jamieson, Andrew (b. 1849) WBI
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    Records the 'alarm that has been created by the ever accumulating evidence of the national peril to which we are exposed by the growth of German and foreign competition', and warns that the 'hare that has gone to sleep while the tortoise is creeping past must wake up. John Bull has been caught napping. The nation must pull itself together, brace its energies, and forge ahead with renewed energy, or it will be left behind' (348). Insists that 'Ignorance is the domestic Turk against whom the popular forces must be turned', and urges reformers to 'concentrate their attention on the question of raising the school age, improving school machinery in the rural districts, and carrying out the recommendations of the Commission Royal Commission on Technical Instruction
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on Technical or, as it ought to be called, Practical Education' (349).



Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 375–77.

Our Monthly Parcel of Books

Anon

Genre:

Regular Feature, Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Roth 1896, Roth, Henry Ling 1896. The Natives of Sarawak and British North Borneo: Based Chiefly on the Mss. of the Late Hugh Brooke Low, Sarawak Governmental Service, 2 vols, London: Truslove & Hanson
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Step 1896, Step, Edward 1896. By the Deep Sea: A Popular Introduction to the Wild Life of the British Shores, London: Jarrold & Sons
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Stacpoole 1896, Stacpoole, Florence 1896. Every-Day Ailments, and How to Treat Them: With Hints on Accidents and Sudden Illnesses, London: Walter Scott
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Gregory 1896 Gregory, William 1896. Animal Magnetism, or, Mesmerism and its Phenomena, 4th edn, London: G. Redway
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Subjects:

Anthropology, Ethnography, Natural History, Medical Treatment, Amateurism, Animal Magnetism, Mesmerism


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Section: Leading Articles in the Reviews

Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 431.

Education by Hypnotism

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Rufus O Mason Mason, Rufus Osgood (1830–1903) WBI
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, North American Review North American Review (1815–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Mesmerism, Education

People mentioned:

Auguste F Voisin Voisin, Auguste Félix (1829–98) WBI
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Institutions mentioned:

Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris Salpêtrière, Paris, hospital
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Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 441.

Wanted: A World-language: And How to Get It

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

John P Mahaffy Mahaffy, Sir John Pentland (1839–1919) ODNB
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, Nineteenth Century Nineteenth Century (1877–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Internationalism, Language, Science Communication


    Bemoans the 'mistaken patriotism which condemns men of science to bury their discoveries and conclusions in the particular dialect of their land'.



Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 442–43.

"Nearly One Marriage a Minute": Graphic Matrimonial Facts and Figures

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

John H Schooling Schooling, John Holt (1859–1927) WBI
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, Pall Mall Magazine Pall Mall Magazine (1893–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Relevant illustrations:

eng. [2]

Subjects:

Statistics, Illustration, Population


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 444.

Woman in Gaol

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Arthur G F Griffiths Griffiths, Arthur George Frederick (1838–1908) ODNB
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, Windsor Magazine Windsor Magazine (1895–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Crime, Gender, Heredity, Pathology


    Claims that women prisoners demonstrate all the same 'womanly trait[s]' exhibited by women outside of gaol, and suggests that the female prisoner's maternal instincts and 'love of personal decoration' give no cause whatever for 'belief in Professor Lombroso's Lombroso, Cesare (1836–1909) CBD
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theory of a special criminal type'.



Section: The Reviews Reviewed

Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 449.

Borderland

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

Julia A Ames Ames, Julia A (1861–91) WBI
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, Borderland Borderland (1893–97) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Spiritualism, Psychical Research


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 453.

A Sex-number

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

Grant Allen Allen, Grant (Charles Grant Blairfindie) (1848–99) ODNB
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, Humanitarian Humanitarian (1892–99) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Sex, Morality, Breeding


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 453.

Temple Bar

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

Charles M Aikman Aikman, Charles Morton (fl. 1890–98) WIVP
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, Temple Bar Temple Bar (1860–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Scientific Practitioners, Bacteriology

People mentioned:

Louis Pasteur Pasteur, Louis (1822–95) DSB
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Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 455.

The Edinburgh Review

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

Edinburgh Review Edinburgh Review (1802–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Astronomy


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 470–73.

Our Monthly Parcel of Books

Anon

Genre:

Regular Feature, Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Caird 1896, Caird, Alice Mona 1896. Beyond the Pale: An Appeal on Behalf of the Victims of Vivisection, London: William Reeves
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Hirsch 1896 Hirsch, William 1896. Genius and Degeneration: A Psychological Study, London: William Heinemann
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Subjects:

Vivisection, Degeneration, Genius, Mental Illness, Psychology


    Observes that William Hirsch Hirsch, William (fl. 1894–1912) RLIN
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has 'gone over practically the same ground as Dr. Nordau Nordau, Max Simon (originally Südfeld) (1849–1923) CBD
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in "Degeneration" Nordau, Max Simon 1895a. Degeneration, London: Heinemann
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, and comes to an almost diametrically opposite conclusion. Rather more scientific in his method of treatment than the alarmist author of "Conventional Lies of Our Civilization" Nordau, Max Simon 1895b. The Conventional Lies of Our Civilization, London: William Heinemann
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, it is encouraging to find Dr. Hirsch, after going thoroughly into the questions of art and insanity, and the psychology of genius, declaring that in his opinion "mankind is not in 'a black plague of degeneration'"' (471).



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Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 495–508.

Character Sketch. Annus Domini 1896

Anon

Genre:

Regular Feature, Biography

Relevant illustrations:

photo.

Subjects:

Imperialism, Animal Husbandry, Agriculture, Disease, Race, Entomology, Darwinism, Evolution, Population, National Efficiency, Industry, War, Light, Electromagnetism, Ether, Physics, Surgery, Popularization, Supernaturalism, Machinery, Technology, Transport, Invention

Publications cited:

Williams 1896 Williams, Ernest Edwin 1896. "Made in Germany", London: William Heinemann
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    In a review of the main events of the closing year, claims that the rinderpest has killed 'nine-tenths of the hoofed beasts, wild and tame, of the African Continent'. While cattle have been hit particularly badly by the 'subtle contagion', and 'out of 200,000 cattle in Rhodesia it has not left 15,000 alive', 'Nor were swift-footed antelope able to elude the swifter darts of the deadly archer. Three out of five species died like rotten sheep. The others, for some cause not yet discovered, seem to be immune'. (496). Notes that China has presented 'a spectacle of singular interest' in the present year. To 'our Western eyes that huge yellow ant-heap is almost as unknown as if its denizens were a colony of termites', but from 'the midst of that bewildering and multitudinous expanse of indistinguishable human cheese mites' has come Li Hong-Zhang Li Hong-Zhang (1823–1901) CBD
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, who has 'familiarised the West with the personality' of the Chinese mandarin. (499) Observes that it is only through 'the war of extermination which is waged endlessly between the carnivores and the creatures upon which they dine [...] naturalists tell us, that the gazelle maintains its swiftness and symmetry, while the moment the sharp edge of the struggle for existence is dulled, your graceful carrier pigeon develops into an unwieldy Dodo', and comments that there 'seems little prospect at present of evolution Dodowards in a world in which the population daily becomes thicker upon the ground. England for so long has been such an easy first in the field of industry and commerce, that John Bull has been somewhat surly when roused this year to recognise the fact that unless he pulls himself together, there is every likelihood that he will be beaten even in his own markets by the foreigner'. This evolutionary 'combat of nations in Europe has fortunately been confined to industrial warfare', although 'the gates of the Temple of Janus have been by no means shut'. (505) Records that in 'popular science' the year will be 'chiefly famous on account of the discovery of the X rays. Professor Röntgen Röntgen, Wilhelm Conrad (1845–1923) DSB
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may or may not have laid the foundation for a revolution in surgical practice, but he has certainly rendered yeoman service in familiarising the public mind with the idea which all previous teaching had failed to do, that there is no reason in the nature of things why we should not be able to see through opaque substances. The X ray has not merely revealed the bones of the hand, it has rendered thinkable to many persons much that has hitherto been regarded as the wild fantasies of occultists'. Also records that 'the removal of the legislative restrictions which have heretofore barred the introduction of motor carriages on public highways has encouraged expectations and stimulated invention, for the fruit of which we shall have to wait until 1897'. (508)



Section: Leading Articles in the Reviews

Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 510–11.

A New Bible for the People; or, the Higher Criticism in Polychrome

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Clifton H Leavy Leavy, Mr Clifton Harby (fl. 1896) RR1/14/6a/2
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, Review of Reviews (American Edition) Review of Reviews (American Edition)(1890–97) American Monthly Review of Reviews(1897–1900+) BUCOP
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Subjects:

Religious Authority, Christianity, Creationism, Geology

Publications cited:

Book of Genesis Book of Genesis: The Book of Genesis: Critical Edition of the Hebrew Text, Printed in Colors Exhibiting the Composite Structure of the Book, ed. by Charles James Ball, Polychrome Bible 1, Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs; Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press; London: D. Nutt, 1896
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Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 511.

Why France Dwindles

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Stoddard Dewey Dewey, Stoddard (1853–1933) WIVP
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, Westminster Review Westminster Review (1846–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Population, Sex, Breeding

Publications cited:

Deschaumes 1896 Deschaumes, Edmond 1896. La Banqueroute de l'amour, Paris: [n.pub.]
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Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 511.

["Some Natural Artillery"]

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Theodore Wood Wood, Theodore (1862–1923) COPAC
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, Sunday Magazine Sunday Magazine (1864–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Natural History, Animal Behaviour


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 515.

The Electric Eye. Going One Better Than Röntgen

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Mrs M Griffith Griffith, Mrs M (fl. 1896) RR1/14/6a/5
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, Pearson's Magazine Pearson's Magazine (1896–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Light, Electromagnetism, Ether, Physics, Theosophy

People mentioned:

Wilhelm C Röntgen Röntgen, Wilhelm Conrad (1845–1923) DSB
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    Describes Jagadischandra Bose's Bose, Sir Jagadischandra (1858–1937) DSB
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'marvellous discovery' of 'invisible lights [that] penetrate earth, wood, pitch, brick, granite, and still retain their active properties. These electric waves have different angles of refraction for different bodies; and by discerning their reflective angle, we have a test of the genuineness of the substance through which they pass'. Comments that 'Such a discovery seems to come fitly from the East and the land of the Mahatmas'.



Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 519–20.

The All-devouring Grave and Its Annual Bill of Fare

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

John H Schooling Schooling, John Holt (1859–1927) WBI
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, Pall Mall Magazine Pall Mall Magazine (1893–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Relevant illustrations:

eng.

Subjects:

Statistics, Illustration, Population, Sanitation


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 521.

Is Mankind Progressing?

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Élisée Reclus Reclus, Élisée (1830–1905) DSB
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, Contemporary Review Contemporary Review (1866–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Human Species, Progress, Evolution, Scientism


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 531.

A Man and a Woman; or, Lawless Life and Lyric Love

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Charles Whibley Whibley, Charles (1859–1930) ODNB
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, Mary G Tuttiett Tuttiett, Mary Gleed (1846/7–1923) WIVP
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, New Review New Review (1889–97) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Evolution, Naturalists, Analogy, Periodicals, Prehistory, Conservatism, Morality


    Remarks that 'In this strange world of ours, when men and beasts of all stages of development jostle each other in the field and in the market-place, endless sensations of wonder and surprise meet the naturalist or the observer of human affairs when the two extremes meet, and some monster which survives from the age when the Saurians disported themselves in primeval slime, is found to be the next-door neighbour of one of the latest and most marvellous products of evolution. It is somewhat of the same sensation that one receives in this month's New Review, which contains within its covers two articles which, of all those that have appeared in the periodicals this year, most completely represent the two extremes of evolution in the sphere of morals'.



Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 533.

Nuns by Nature

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Alice C Glyn Glyn, Alice Coralie (1866/7–1928) WIVP
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, Humanitarian Humanitarian (1892–99) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Gender, Religion, Instinct

People mentioned:

Grant Allen, Allen, Grant (Charles Grant Blairfindie) (1848–99) ODNB
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St George J Mivart Mivart, St George Jackson (1827–1900) DSB
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Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 534.

The British Temperance Queen. A Chat with the President of the B.W.T.A.

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Jane T Stoddart Stoddart, Jane Thompson (1863–1944) ODNB
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, Sunday Magazine Sunday Magazine (1864–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Temperance, Medical Practitioners

People mentioned:

Isabella C Somerset, Somerset (née Somers), Lady Isabella Caroline , Lady Henry Somerset (1851–1921) ODNB
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Benjamin W Richardson Richardson, Benjamin Ward (1828–96) DSB
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Institutions mentioned:

British Women's Temperance Association British Women's Temperance Association
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Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 535.

Friedrich Nietzsche: "The Mohammed of Darwinism"

Anon

Genre:

Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Quarterly Review Quarterly Review (1809–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Darwinism, Ethics

People mentioned:

Friedrich W Nietzsche Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm (1844–1900) CBD
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Section: The Reviews Reviewed

Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 537–38.

The Nineteenth Century

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

Malcolm A Morris Morris, Sir Malcolm Alexander (1849–1924) WBI
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, Nineteenth Century Nineteenth Century (1877–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Vaccination, Controversy

Institutions mentioned:

Royal Commission on Vaccination Royal Commission on Vaccination
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Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 542.

The North American Review

Anon

Genre:

Review, Abstract

Publications reviewed:

Abraham L A Himmelwright Himmelwright, Abraham Lincoln Artman (b. 1865) WBI
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, Robert H Thurston Thurston, Robert Henry (1839–1903) DSB
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, North American Review North American Review (1815–1900+) Waterloo Directory
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Subjects:

Architecture, Engineering | Physiological Chemistry, Nutrition, Force


Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 560–62.

Our Monthly Parcel of Books

Anon

Genre:

Regular Feature, Abstract

Publications abstracted:

Spencer 1893–96, Spencer, Herbert 1893–96. The Principles of Sociology, A System of Synthetic Philosophy 6–8, 3rd edn, rev. and enlarged, 3 vols, London: William and Norgate
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Watkins 1896 Watkins, Morgan George 1896. Gleanings From the Natural History of the Ancients, London: E. Stock
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Subjects:

Sociology, Philosophy, Ancient Authorities, Natural History


    Declares that for many 'the conclusion of Mr. Spencer's Spencer, Herbert (1820–1903) DSB
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life-work will be the most important literary production of the year'. Indeed, his System of Synthetic Philosophy 'has left its mark on its century, and its influence will continue, to whatever degree the conclusions of the Philosophy are accepted in centuries to come, just as long as earnest, reverent, and adequately-equipped research have use and honour among us' (560).



Review of Reviews,  14 (1896), 562.

The Baby Exchange. To Be Discontinued

Anon

Genre:

Announcement, Editorial

Subjects:

Breeding, Population


    Announces the immediate cessation of the baby exchange system because of concerns over children who might be returned by their adoptive parents.



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