Vaccination, Health, Disease, Human Development, Quackery, Medical
Treatment
Attacks a circular issued by the
British College of HealthBritish College of Health
CloseView the register entry >> which
warns of the dangers of vaccination, and suggests that 'since Vaccination
became compulsory in 1853, there has been more small-pox than ever' and that
vaccination causes more diseases than it prevents. Sarcastically suggests that
if these claims were true then anybody wishing to kill their children should
follow the law and have them vaccinated. Concludes by pointing out that if not
vaccinating children does not kill them then administering the college's
'universal medicine' will.
Utilitarianism, Government, Health, Narcotics, Medical
Treatment
Begins by sarcastically noting that a 'fortunate omission' in
Gathorne
Gathorne-Hardy'sGathorne-Hardy, Gathorne, 1st Earl of
Cranbrook
(1814–1906)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >> Poor Law Amendment Act will allow the guardians of
the
St
Pancras Poor Law UnionSt Pancras Poor Law Union
CloseView the register entry >> to continue controlling the 'medical
arrangements' of their workhouse instead of forcing the guardians to defer to
the authority of 'unreasonable and unparochial medical officers'. Proceeds to
discuss the guardians' criticism of the 'unlimited' quantity of opium made
available for treating paupers, the criticism of this practice by a medical
practitioner, and the fear that the acquisition of so much opium would raise
its price. Concludes by agreeing with the guardians' decision to reduce the
quantity of opium, pointing out that excess consumption of this drug would
prove costly to ratepayers and undermine the view of the workhouse as a 'penal
institution'.
Government, Medical Practitioners, War, Politics,
Internationalism
Shows John Bull welcoming
Sultan Abd-ul-AzizAbd-ul-Aziz, Sultan of Turkey
(1830–76)
CBD CloseView the register entry >>
of Turkey, who is visiting Britain as part of his convalescence. John Bull
tells him, 'I knew my Crimean doctors would set you up, and this visit will do
you all the good in the world'.
Alarmed at news that
Samuel M PetoPeto, Sir Samuel Morton
(1809–89)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >>,
Thomas R
CramptonCrampton, Thomas Russell
(1816–88)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >>, and
Edward L BettsBetts, Edward Ladd
(1815–72)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >>
are in the
London Court of
BankruptcyLondon Court of Bankruptcy
CloseView the register entry >> and that the
Bank of
EnglandBank of England
CloseView the register entry >> has reduced its interest rates by 2%, interprets the latter
as the effect of 'stagnation of enterprise, cessation of labour, and paralysis
of industry', and the fate of Peto, Crampton, and Betts as 'reckless financing,
contractors' lines, gulled shareholders, £100 shares at £17,
general distrust of railway enterprises, and general disgust with railway
investments'. Offers a savage criticism of the 'practical' nature of the
English people by attacking their financial greed, their shady speculations,
their blowing of 'the bubbles of trade and industry till they burst', their
celebration of false puffery, the impotence of 'public Parliamentary labours'
and 'inertia' of self-government, and the 'rascality' of its retail trade.
Insists that 'We are about the most unpractical, wasteful, thriftless, and
helpless people on the face of the globe', not least because of our worship of
Mammon.
Upholding the need for a testimonial for commemorating the work of
Ernest A HartHart, Ernest Abraham
(1835–98)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >> whom
it believes has 'recently done more than any man alive to comfort the poor
patients in our workhouse infirmaries, who till lately have been left to die
uncared for and scarcely nursed'.
Shows a 'Slender' and a 'Stout' gentleman standing near the hippopotamus and
giraffe enclosures of the
Zoological Society GardensZoological Society of London —Gardens
CloseView the register entry >>.
The slim gentleman, evidently sympathising with the giraffe, wonders how the
hippopotamus can walk, while the stout gentleman, evidently sympathising with
the hippopotamus, is baffled by the ability of giraffes to 'maintain their
perpendicular'.
Tells the editor of his visit to the recent 'Naval Review' in Portsmouth,
and describes his experience of sailing on the 'H.M.S. Royal Turret',
'the most tremendous of Turret Ships'. Later, he recounts his experience of
getting inside one of the turrets, including his observations of the
'tremendous gun' which was 'Completely protected, and laid and worked by
gunners who are safe and invisible', as well as being charged with
'five-and-thirty pounds of powder, and a ball about the size of your own
respected head'. Elaborates on the fire-power and armour of the ship, believing
that it could have 'engaged the whole wooden fleet that day' and thanking the
AdmiraltyAdmiralty
CloseView the register entry >> that it 'did
not succeed in its desperate efforts to prevent our getting such a weapon'.
Drawing on the analogy between geological and political events, begins by
introducing the 'interesting lecture on political geology' given at 'St.
Stephen's British School Rooms' (i.e. the
Houses of
ParliamentHouses of Parliament
CloseView the register entry >>) by 'PROFESSOR
BENJAMIN' (i.e.
Benjamin
DisraeliDisraeli, Benjamin, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield
(1804–81)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >>). Reports that the lecturer started by noting the 'various
theories' that had been 'propounded in connection with the upheavals and
depressions which characterise our administrative system', and urges that 'a
profound knowledge of Political Geology' was needed to decide whether the
'elevation of that large section of legislative wisdom' found 'in the vicinity
of Derby' (an allusion to
Edward G G S
Stanley (14th Earl of Derby)Stanley, Edward George Geoffrey Smith, 14th
Earl of Derby
(1799–1869)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >>) was due to 'a sudden convulsion of
conservatism, or from a gradual subsidence of
GladstonianGladstone, William Ewart
(1809–98)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >> soil'. Drawing an analogy
between the sensitivities of the electorate and of the soil, notes that the
lecturer claimed that the 'London clay' would be 'worked up for a variety of
purposes' but that beneath the clay was 'the Residuum' which was 'extremely
plastic' and 'if judiciously manipulated' could be used to consolidate 'our
national institutions'. The lecturer then drew an analogy between dirt-beds and
Toryism. The former usually comprise trees fossilised in limestone, the trees
retaining the same attitude and places that they had when alive. Like dirt-bed
timber, Toryism is 'converted into something strongly at variance' with its
normal condition, while retaining the places that it occupied in its 'palmy
days' (a possible reference to its period in opposition to
Henry J Temple (3rd
Viscount Palmerston)Temple, Henry John, 3rd Viscount Palmerston
(1784–1865)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >>). The lecturer concluded by urging his young
audience to appreciate the lessons of 'Political Geology' and to consider such
problems as the reason why 'radical shells were now found on the summit of the
most conservative mountains'. Believes that only 'Ministers' can solve such
mysteries.
Begins by pondering the credibility of phrenology and its 'general
principles' and proceeds to a series of questions on the nature and development
of the brain. These include: 'Is it a substance no more important than so much
fat?' 'Has the brain any connection with the mind?' 'Does its development
really in general vary with the varieties of mental character?' 'Do those men
whose heads most resemble the heads of apes, approach the nearest of all
mankind to the lower animals?' and 'Is there not a general difference between
the clerical and the criminal head?'. Announces the Character Insurance
Company, which is based on the supposition that it is possible to 'estimate the
development of the brain in a general way' and that its directors will examine
the 'heads of persons willing to submit to that scrutiny, and pay for it', and
provide a 'correct account' of such persons' 'disposition and abilities'.
Explains that the company directors will also classify heads according to their
moral nature and that this process is designed to give shareholders a means of
establishing which individuals are to be trusted 'with the management of their
affairs', and thus raise 'commercial confidence' and prevent 'panics'.
Concludes by insisting that the company will ensure better use of capital and
prevent such a 'scandal as the smash of the
London, Chatham, and Dover
RailwayLondon, Chatham, and Dover Railway Company
CloseView the register entry >>'.
Describes the grim consequences of an 'insolvent [railway] line', including
a 'taxed-cart' on which had been scrawled 'To Be Sold'. Ponders the identity of
the cart, suggesting that he may have invested in 'rotten shares', and, on
hearing the 'screech of steam' from a train, expresses relief that he did not
invest in the line. Suggests that the 'taxed-cart might instruct the wise / How
cash might well be spent'.
Human Development, Health, Disease, Nutrition, Narcotics, Mental
Illness
Discusses the claim made by
James StarkStark, James
(1811–90)
WBI CloseView the register entry >>, the
Scottish Registrar-General, that 'bachelorhood is more destructive to life'
than other unwholesome occupations or styles of life. Suggests that some
bachelors will consider Stark to be 'stark mad', but explains that it may be
based on the fact that married men indulge less in food and drink.
Discusses an
AthenaeumAthenaeum
(1828–1900+)
Waterloo
Directory CloseView the register entry >>
review of a 'volume of essays' by
Henry E
ManningManning, Henry Edward
(1808–92)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >>, which the author claims is a 'masterpiece of dissection',
written by somebody who is 'notoriously dextrous in slitting up bundles of
paradoxes', and who 'walks, as medical students say, into one of the soft parts
presented to his [literary] scalpel'. Believes that the reviewer has laid bare
'a morbid appearance', but stresses that 'these spots of disease are strictly
local', explaining that Manning's 'faith towards the Church of Rome' and 'bad
faith towards the Church of England' represents the views of the archbishop and
not of the whole church.
Anticipates the day when 'everything will be done by electricity', and
suggests that this will mean that political debates will be 'wired' from
telegraphic pianos operated by clerks in
ParliamentHouses of Parliament
CloseView the register entry >>, that 'journals
will contain the news of the following day', and that 'Naval and military
success will depend entirely upon respective electrical resources'.
Military Technology, Steamships, Progress, Politics, War
Begins with the poet describing how 'Ben' (Benjamin DisraeliDisraeli, Benjamin, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield
(1804–81)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >>)
explained to him that in the days of
Horatio NelsonNelson, Horatio, Viscount Nelson
(1758–1805)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >>,
ships were made from oak and canvas and there was 'no
ArmstrongArmstrong, Sir William George, Baron
Armstrong of Cragside
(1810–1900)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >> gun', even though many a 'tough
sea-fight' was won. The poet replied that although 'sail give way to screw' and
guns now 'be made of longer range, / Our tars are still True Blue', and should
war break out they still 'have hearts as stout' as before.
Disease, Miracle, Supernaturalism, Superstition, Religious
Authority
Discusses a report in the
Journal de
LiègeJournal de Liège
(1848–1900+)
Bibliothèque
Nationale CloseView the register entry >> of the crowning of 'The Miraculous Statue of the
Virgin Jessy' in Liège, a statue whose transportation allegedly spared
the town from the ravages of cholera and cattle plague. Stresses that the
journal dismissed the possibility that the apparent miracle was caused by the
local church fathers who wanted to spread 'error and superstition' and 'more
securely establish their influence'. Notes that the 'facts of the case'
militate against this, since the procession of the statue was followed by
several fatal cases of cholera and cattle-plague. Concludes by expressing
surprise at the revelation that the town council had supported and patronised
the church fathers in their 'fetichism'.
Begins by noting that most members of the
House of
CommonsHouse of Commons
CloseView the register entry >> have 'Gone [...] upon the moors' where they shoot birds,
'beasts of chase', and other animals. Proceeds to lament the disappearance of
several cherished species including the badger, fox, kite, buzzard,
sparrow-hawk, raven, and bittern. Condemns those who hunt these animals for
food as 'Philistines' and laments the way that common land is 'narrowing day by
day', thanks to 'vile builders' and 'Ye Legislators' whose 'detested Bills'
legitimate such encroachments on 'England's few wilds'. Concludes by calling
for the preservation of 'the greenwoods and the flowers / Our fathers knew' as
well as the 'game, ye landed Powers, / And vermin too'.
Peek 1867Peek, Henry William
1867. Six Essays on Commons Preservation: Written in Competition for Prizes
Offered By H. W. PeekContaining a Legal and Historical Examination of
Manorial Rights and Customs, With a View to the Preservation of Commons Near
Great Towns, London: Sampson Low and Marston
CloseView the register entry >>
Government, Politics, Education, Aesthetics, Class
Derides
Ralph Bernal
OsborneBernal Osborne, Ralph
(1808?–82)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >> for his speech in
ParliamentHouses of Parliament
CloseView the register entry >> in which he
criticized
Henry ColeCole, Sir Henry
(1808–82)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >>, the
South
Kensington MuseumSouth Kensington Museum
CloseView the register entry >>, and the 'Grant' for the
Department of Science and ArtDepartment of Science and Art
CloseView the register entry >>.
Explains that while Osborne understood that the latter department, 'with a
Museum, and Art Schools, and Professors, and Grants of Money' could inspire
'aesthetical ideas', he insisted that 'the people were very unimpressionable in
matters of Science and Art'. Punch agrees with this, but attacks Osborne
for claiming that 'it is absurd to try an impress' the people and arguing
against using government grants to educate taste. Notes Osborne's criticism of
the high salaries drawn by professors of the Science and Art Department and
anticipates that in the reformed
House of
CommonsHouse of Commons
CloseView the register entry >> there will be 'more representatives of the working men' who
'best know the needs of the people, in the way of education, and art, and
science', who would not tolerate such 'catchers of barren laughs' as Osborne,
and who would attack the 'scorners of a science they are innocent of'.
Concludes by mocking Osborne for being ignorant of the
School
of ArtNottingham School of Art
CloseView the register entry >> in the constituency he represents.
Shows a family group, including Mr and Mrs Titwillow, flying above a sea of
chimney pots. They fly by means of large birds' wings that sprout from their
backs.
Shows Mr Punch and his dog Toby asleep on a couch. In the background are the
subjects of Mr Punch's dream, including the notorious 'Toad in the Rock'
(exhibited at the
International Exhibition
(1862)International Exhibition (1862), London CloseView the register entry >>), a 'Gigantic Gooseberry', a 'Shower of Frogs', and 'the
Salmon that was caught at Teddington' (a reference to the climbing salmon
caught in that area).
Punch, 53 (1867), 90.
Misadventure Called Manslaughter. A Talk Between Two
Fellows
Crime, Narcotics, Medical Treatment, Medical Practitioners,
Psychology, Morality
Describes a debate between 'Two Fellows' on the case of a Leicester
shopkeeper who was convicted of manslaughter for mistakenly selling laudanum
instead of 'tincture of rhubarb', and thereby poisoning a child. The second
fellow insists that the shopkeeper should be hanged 'to encourage others to
take more care' and criticises him for trying to administer his own medical
treatment to the child. The first fellow defends the shopkeeper, arguing that
if such deaths occur without the knowledge of a medical man, then the cause of
death 'might escape discovery', and so a vendor might forget to call a medical
expert on the grounds that this would lead to his prosecution. He also
dismisses the second fellow's notion that this is a 'selfish' course of action
by pointing out that society is also selfish 'in enforcing responsibility for
its own mere safety, with a view to precaution alone, and irrespectively of
right or wrong'.
Follows
John Tenniel, 'Punch's Dream of the Dead Season', Punch, 53 (1867), [87] and consists of six stanzas, each one
written from the perspective of the 'Ghost' of a zoological curiosity. In the
first stanza, the 'Ghost of a Thames Salmon' rises from a tank in the
Zoological Society GardensZoological Society of London —Gardens
CloseView the register entry >>,
seeks publicity in the
The TimesThe Times
(1777–1900+)
Waterloo
Directory CloseView the register entry >>, and
wants
Francis T
BucklandBuckland, Francis Trevelyan
(1826–80)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >> to pickle him. In the second stanza, the 'Ghost of the
Sea Serpent' grumbles that his body has been 'punched with deadly holes'
from an
ArmstrongArmstrong, Sir William George, Baron
Armstrong of Cragside
(1810–1900)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >> gun and hopes his tale will
enrich those 'Yankees that prophesy and end of kinds'. In the third stanza, the
'Ghost of the Oldest Inhabitant' wants to read his heroic obituary in
the
Morning
PostMorning Post and Daily Advertising Pamphlet
(1772–1900+)
Waterloo Directory
CloseView the register entry >>, while in the fourth, the 'Ghost of the Toad in the
Coal' (an exhibit at the
International Exhibition
(1862)International Exhibition (1862), London CloseView the register entry >>) wakes to describe how he was 'A senior at the Deluge' and
wonders why he was woken from his happy resting place in a Yorkshire coal mine.
In the fifth stanza, the 'Ghosts of two young Gorillas' rise and contemplate
their cousins who died at the Zoological Society Gardens whilst being 'Soothed'
by
Paul B Du
ChailluDu Chaillu, Paul Belloni
(1831–1903)
CBD CloseView the register entry >>. In the final stanza, the 'Ghosts of divers Luses
Naturae' rise and explain that they will 'appear provincially tomorrow' in
a range of exotic forms from 'Two-headed calves' to a 'shower of
frogs'—each one apparently based on a true case of a monstrosity.
Discusses a report in
The TimesThe Times
(1777–1900+)
Waterloo
Directory CloseView the register entry >> of a
competition recently held at the
Exposition Universelle
(1867)Exposition Universelle (1867), Paris CloseView the register entry >>, Paris, between English and American inventors of safes. The
competition involved teams of 'expert' German and 'inexpert' Lancastrian men
cracking the English and American safes respectively. Punch regards the
report as an example of 'Competition Wallow' and warns that given the nature of
the inventions, they should have been cracked in private. Concludes by
condemning this display as vulgar, insisting that it exhibited 'an illustration
of the World's Industry having very much the reverse of that noble and
elevating character which such industry is commonly extolled for'.
The initial letter forms part of an illustration showing a bespectacled
chimpanzee crouching down reading a book. The text describes a report of the
defacement of ancient monuments on the island of Iona. Punch responds by
telling
Cornelius
DonovanDonovan, Cornelius
(c. 1820–72)
DNBS CloseView the register entry >> that it wishes phrenology were 'as trustworthy in its
practical application as its extreme professors maintain' because then there
could be 'phrenological experts' hired to prevent people from landing on Iona
unless endowed with 'a reasonably well developed organ of Veneration'. Attacks
the naturalists who were reported to have 'picked away at the cement' of a
sacred building on the island, suggesting that each of them 'would not scruple
to "peep and botanise upon his mother's grave"'. Concludes by suggesting that
the
Archaeological SocietyBritish Archaeological Society
CloseView the register entry >> should
seek to get a statute enacted protecting the ruins.
This threnody begins by likening the death of the nation's most eminent
figures to the 'top-most leaves' having fallen off 'our English oak'. Announces
that 'Another leaf has dropped on that sere heap', but claims that Farady was
of 'loftier fame' than a soldier, statesman, poet, and painter: he was 'A
Priest of Truth, who lived within her shrine'. Expatiates on Faraday's status
as a 'Priest'. Explains that it was his 'office to expound / Earth's mysteries'
to all who revered but not feared what they found in the 'book of Science'.
Emphasises that he was a priest who 'prayed as well as ministered' (a reference
to Faraday's Sandemanian faith) and who 'grasped' and 'held fast' to 'the faith
he preached', and distinguished himself as one who serves science rather than
one who pursues 'private profit'. Explains that his 'life was fashioned to
fulfil' the goal that 'he who tends the hest of Science' best serves 'The God
of Truth and Knowledge', and praises the way he rose from 'humbleness', through
a 'slow march of induction', to 'peaks' that few can attain. Adds that from
this height he commanded a 'bird's eye glance o'er Nature' and could understand
'What seems confusion' when 'looked at from below'. The outcome of this process
was order growing in 'ever-widening orbs of Law' out of 'seeming Chaos', the
'harmony' of 'Creation's mighty music', and the sense of 'larger unity' behind
'varieties of force and power'—all known forces being 'grasped in a
central Will', 'Thunder and light revealed as [...] Modes of the force that
works at Nature's heart'. Points out how Faraday traced the 'mysterious pulses'
of the cosmos to the 'fountain-head, where they subsist / In form as yet not
given e'en him to know'. In the closing stanzas, the author shifts to
Faraday's personality, including a 'temper' that was 'child-like, simple, free
from flaws', an untiring 'charity', a keeness to win 'Childhood's or manhood's
ear', and an enthusiasm to teach and learn.
Begins by urging people to visit the Zoological Society Gardens to see the
new exhibits. Describes such features as the 'she-Gayal / That
BARTLETTBartlett, Abraham Dee
(1812–97)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >> [the
superintendent of the Gardens] has brought from the Indies', the 'wolves from
Thibet', the 'Arctonyx', a 'Panolia deer', a 'Pigeon that sings, / And one with
bronze wings', 'Polyplectrons and likewise a Loris', a monkey called
'Entellus', 'Demoiselle Cranes', several tortoises, and pelicans.
Reports on the 'richly deserved' discussion about Dundee marmalade that took
place in the Economic Science and Statistics section of the
British
Association for the Advancement of ScienceBritish Association for the Advancement of Science
CloseView the register entry >> which recently met in
that Scottish city. Notes that the section investigated the virtues of various
'fruit preserves' and ways of serving them, and presented papers containing
numerous 'interesting details and figures' about marmalade, including its
popularity amongst British undergraduates, 'its adulteration by unprincipled
traders', 'its influence on Vegetarianism', 'its chemical analysis', and 'its
sanitary properties as a dietectic'. Informs the notorious Protestant,
George H
WhalleyWhalley, George Hammond
(1813–78)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >>, that all but one of the members of the section avowed
themselves 'Orangemen'.
Depicts the attempts by 'Mr. Griffin of the C.C.S' and 'Ensign Green of the
C.R.R.' to shoot elephants in Ceylon. During their expedition they observe
several young elephants 'running playfully among the herd, the emblems of
innocence' (a quote from
James E
TennentTennent, Sir James Emerson, 1st Baronet
(1804–69)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >>) but after firing his gun at this herd, Griffin is pursued
by one of the adult elephants. The last illustration shows how Green manages to
slay this elephant, which saves the life of his friend, and drives away the
rest of the herd.
Discusses a report in the
Mechanics'
MagazineMechanics' Magazine
(1823–72)
Iron: the Journal of Science, Metals, and
Manufactures
(1872–93)
Industries and Iron
(1893–99)
Waterloo Directory
CloseView the register entry >> which argues that coal is in the process of being
formed from peat and that other 'mineral substances are now in the process of
development'. Suggests that by the time the English coal supply is exhausted,
the Irish peat may have 'turned into Irish coal', thus making the Emerald Isle
the 'Isle of Black Diamonds'.
Disease, Medical Practitioners, Quackery, Medical Treatment,
Adulteration
The narrator describes a conversation with a 'Gloomy Friend' who attempted
to diagnose what was wrong with him. He denied the friend's suggestion that he
was suffering from either gout or erysipelas, explaining that his injury was
from a jelly-fish and that he would be 'right in a day or two'. His friend,
however, was convinced that the narrator's condition was more serious and
argued with him over the comparative merits of several doctors. The friend
maintained that the narrator was suffering from gout 'aggravated by the poison
of the jelly-fish' and tried to convince him that he had been injured by a
poisonous variety of the species. (114) The narrator recalls that his friend's
gloominess later extended to the quality of the food they consumed in a
restaurant, including worrying about adulteration and whether the narrator had
taken his medicine.
Suggests that the 'Art of Model Farming should now be classed under
Mechi-nism' (an allusion to the horticulturalist
John J MechiMechi, John Joseph
(1802–80)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >>).
Societies, Controversy, Morality, Electricity, Zoology, Meteorology,
Geology, Biology, Human Development, Evolution, Darwinism, Animal Behaviour,
Nationalism, Politics, Political Economy, Religion
Begins by relishing the 'wonderful world' in which 'liberty everywhere
loosens each tether', solidarity reigns amongst men, chaff is 'threshed' out of
fallacies, the 'back-bone of truth' is made 'notably stiffer', theories are
'fearlessly clashed', and 'Creeds and crafts, all in Congress' agree to differ.
Proceeds to describe the range of subjects explored by the philosophers at the
Dundee meeting of the
British
Association for the Advancement of ScienceBritish Association for the Advancement of Science
CloseView the register entry >>. Notes the range of
'ologies', artefacts, the people 'Pro DARWINDarwin, Charles Robert
(1809–82)
DSB CloseView the register entry >> or contra, for
man or for monkey', and
John LubbockLubbock, Sir John, 4th Baronet and 1st Baron
Avebury
(1834–1913)
DSB
ODNB CloseView the register entry >>, who
makes 'induction the one key' to man and targets all 'orthodox points'.
Suggests that 'if seekers of truth have to loggerheads gotten', then it is 'No
wonder' that 'workers for bread' from different countries should have
'dissolved in a fight' during their Peace Congress in Geneva, or that bishops
should be fighting each other at the
Pan-Anglican
SynodPan-Anglican Synod [Lambeth Conference]
CloseView the register entry >>.
Tristram 1867Tristram, Henry
Baker 1867. 'On the Zoological Aspects of Grouse-Disease', Report
of the Thirty-Seventh Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of
Science held at Dundee in September 1867, Transactions of the Sections, 37,
97
CloseView the register entry >>
Begins by reminding Mr Punch of some remarks made by
Henry B
TristramTristram, Henry Baker
(1822–1906)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >> at the recent meeting of the
British
Association for the Advancement of ScienceBritish Association for the Advancement of Science
CloseView the register entry >>. Presents an extract
from Tristram's address in which the 'reverend naturalist' accused gamekeepers
of being the 'most destructive of all vermin' because their extirpation of
birds of prey had 'engendered disease among game'. The author emphasises
similarities between the positions of Tristram and Mr Punch, and presents
another extract from Tristram's address which describes how falcons destroy
their diseased brethren and are thus able to prevent the now 'epidemic' grouse
disease. Concludes that this legitimates the need to punish people for killing
birds of prey as severely as for slaying game. Broadening his argument with
examples of how spiders destroy flies, insists that one creature that is 'in
some degree mischievous serves to keep the other under', although he cannot
understand how this applies to fleas, since he cannot conceive the usefulness
of these vermin. Concludes by noting that while he will continue to kill fleas
with insect powder, he will endeavour to save birds of prey from 'powder and
shot'.
Begins by puffing his scientific credentials, boasting that he was 'Cradled
in the lap of physical science, and nursed in the arms of natural philosophy',
that in youth he inferred 'prismatic colours' from soap-bubbles and learnt
about
Benjamin
FranklinFranklin, Benjamin
(1706–90)
DSB CloseView the register entry >> and electricity by flying a kite. Adding that he also makes
informal studies of 'Diatoms' and of Rutlandshire fauna, he analyses the
proceedings of the
British
Association for the Advancement of ScienceBritish Association for the Advancement of Science
CloseView the register entry >>. Baffled by some of the
enterprises conducted by the association, wonders whether its 'Lunar Committee'
comprises inhabitants of the moon sent to investigate the greater natural
knowledge of terrestrial beings, or whether it consists of philosophers from
earth sent to explore the customs and 'scientific progress' of their lunar
neighbours. He is equally baffled by a paper on the 'behaviour of the Aneroid
Barometer' (a reference to
Stewart 1867Stewart,
Balfour 1867. 'On the Errors of Aneroids at Various Pressures',
Report of the Thirty-Seventh Meeting of the British Association for the
Advancement of Science held at Dundee in September 1867, Transactions of
the Sections, 37, 26–27
CloseView the register entry >>), retorting
that he had always found it to be a 'well-conducted instrument'. He also
challenges
Alexander S
Herschel'sHerschel, Alexander Stewart
(1836–1907)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >> claim that shooting stars were 'dissipated' (i.e.
dissolute)—presumably refering to Herschel's contribution to
Glaisher 1867Glaisher,
James et al. 1867. 'Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors',
Report of the Thirty-Seventh Meeting of the British Association for the
Advancement of Science held at Dundee in September 1867, Reports on the
State of Science, 37, 288–430
CloseView the register entry >>. Proceeds
to question the association's interest in the grouse disease (a reference to
Tristram 1867Tristram, Henry
Baker 1867. 'On the Zoological Aspects of Grouse-Disease', Report
of the Thirty-Seventh Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of
Science held at Dundee in September 1867, Transactions of the Sections, 37,
97
CloseView the register entry >>), although
he thinks it would benefit mankind if the association were to find 'some means
of "arresting" the plunderers of boxes and hampers of "native birds"'. Puzzled
by the news that machines were to transport delegates from Errol to Fingask,
suggests that this may have been referring
Charles
Babbage'sBabbage, Charles
(1792–1871)
DSB CloseView the register entry >> 'Calculating Machines'. (120) Goes on to note
James E T
Rogers'sRogers, James Edwin Thorold
(1823–90)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >> paper linking the reduction in pauperism in Oxford
workhouses to personal hygiene and the number of people 'engaged in public
calendars' (a reference to
Rogers 1867Rogers, James Edwin
Thorold 1867. 'On the Funds Available for Developing the Machinery
of Education', Report of the Thirty-Seventh Meeting of the British
Association for the Advancement of Science held at Dundee in September
1867, Transactions of the Sections, 37, 145
CloseView the register entry >>). In a
postscript, the author ponders the association's decision to award a grant to a
'Fossil Flora'. (121)
Discusses news of the discovery in California of a process for manufacturing
artificial hair from the soap-root. Anticipates that vegetable hair will soon
prove as popular as vegetable hair dyes, but warns those ladies who might wear
such hair whilst bathing that their hair may 'melt into lather'.
Discusses news of a chemical process for converting turnips into pineapples.
Suggests other ways of transforming root vegetables into fruit, including the
Jerusalem artichoke into a magnum-bonum plum. Explains that 'Nature finds the
vegetable cells, and chemistry has only to fill them with the syrup'.
Pollution, Manufactories, Human Development, Disease,
Government
Begins by describing his case for inspectors under the new 'Olfactory Act
for the Better Regulation of Registers (Chimneys) and the Prevention of
Infantile Overworking', and explains that he has been hired by a 'wise and
enlightened Government' to inspect chimneys and the heath of child labourers.
Notes that his friends questioned his credentials for undertaking these tasks
and explains that although he did not gain his positions through 'nepotism', he
did have to pass an examination which tested knowledge of foreign and classical
languages, history, and arithmetic. (123) Explains that his position as a
government official enables him to avoid his great aunt.
Following the appearance of 'an article in an Evening Journal' headed 'Did
Newton Discover Gravity?', the author assumes 'gravity' to mean seriousness.
Laments, accordingly, that if Newton did discover gravity, then he is no longer
proud of his forenames (which have been a family tradition since a 'collateral
ancestor' met the natural philosopher). Adds that the revelation will also make
him regret his reverence for the statues of the philosopher in the
South
Kensington MuseumSouth Kensington Museum
CloseView the register entry >> and for the anecdotes about Newton's life.
Wonders why Newton was not content with 'his
PrincipiaNewton, Isaac
1687. Philosophiae naturalis principia mathematica, Londini: Jussu
Societatis Regiae ac Typis Josephi Streater
CloseView the register entry >>, and his
Fluxions, and Knighthood, and his
Royal SocietyRoyal Society of London
CloseView the register entry >>,
and Mastership of the
MintRoyal Mint
CloseView the register entry >> without being
the cause' of everything that is 'disagreeable, and synonymous with
GRAVITY'. Imagines the 'cheery world' that must have existed
'before this much over-rated Mathematician [...] patented this disastrous
discovery'. Denies that Newton deserves the numerous acts of celebration
accorded him, such as statues, and suggests that we should instead celebrate
those who raise spirits, such as the 'inventors of pantomimes'. Reveals his
knowledge of the alleged unpublished letters between Newton and
Blaise PascalPascal, Blaise
(1623–62)
DSB CloseView the register entry >>
which suggest that Pascal inspired Newton to construct his theory of
gravitation, and was thus the true discoverer of gravity. Believes that the
responsibility for 'bringing misery' on the human species lies not with Newton
but with others, including Pascal and
Burton 1621[Burton,
Robert] 1621. The Anatomy of Melancholy: What it is. With all the
Kindes, Causes, Symptomes, Prognostickes, and Severall Cures of it. In Three
Maine Partitions with their Severall Sections, Members, and Subsections.
Philosophically, Medicinally, Historically, Opened and Cut up. By Democritus
Junior. With a Satyricall Preface, Conducing to the Following Discourse,
Oxford: H. Cripps
CloseView the register entry >>.
Invention, Steam-power, Music, Military Technology
Discusses an extract from a report describing how 'two English inventors'
have built a locomotive that, besides the din of its steam-engine, plays a
march from
Richard
Wagner'sWagner, (Wilhelm) Richard
(1813–83)
CBD CloseView the register entry >> opera Tannhäuser. Believes this combination
makes the steam-organ 'as infernal a machine as that invented by
FIESCHIFieschi, Giuseppe
(1790–1836)
WBI CloseView the register entry >>' and a suitable
'engine of destruction'. Suggests that the 'invention might be turned to
military use' because 'Any enemy' would run away from an engine playing this
'raucous music'.
Describes the triumphant opening of the new
dockyardDevonshire Dock, Barrow-in-Furness CloseView the register entry >> at
Barrow-in-Furness. Refers to the town as 'A Barrow out of which they are
tipping 600,000 tons of iron every year. A Barrow, big enough to hold a
Monster-Iron-Mining-and-Smelting
CompanyBarrow Iron and Steel Company, Barrow-in-Furness CloseView the register entry >>'. Proceeds to note the excitement caused at another
barrow—the archaeological finds of
William
GreenwellGreenwell, William
(1820–1918)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >> 'in the North'. Also explains that the 'master-spirit' of
the iron company of the dockyard is
Henry W
SchneiderSchneider, Henry William
(1817–87)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >>, who was ejected from his parliamentary seat for bribery
but now has an opportunity to 'repair' his mistake. Notes that Schneider has
the same name as the 'heart and head of the admirably-conducted firm [founded
by
Joseph E
SchneiderSchneider, Joseph Eugène
(1805–75)
WBI CloseView the register entry >>] which has made the iron manufacturing district of Le
Creusot, a model as yet to be imitated among the great English industries of
the same kind'. Presents a correspondent's account (reprinted from
Anon, 'White Upon Black', Punch, 52 (1867), 17) praising the lifestyles of the
inhabitants of Le Creusot, a 'manufactory that has grown into a town'.
Concludes by suggesting that the English Schneider could restore his reputation
by making 'Barrow-in-Furness the Le Creusot of England', in morals, manners,
civilisation, education, domestic culture and culture, as well as in industry
and money-making'.
Animal Behaviour, Crime, Cruelty, Utilitarianism, Health,
Class
Begins by suggesting that 'the gentlemen who preside over that excellent
association, the
Society for the
Prevention of Cruelty to AnimalsSociety for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
CloseView the register entry >>' would do well to control the zeal
of its employees. Describes the case of a clergyman who was in a magistrates'
court defending a charge by an employee of the society that he maliciously
poured turpentine on the hind legs of a dog. The counsel for the clergyman
defended his client by arguing that he had treated the dog to stop it from
being a nuisance in the church grounds. The judge resolved that the clergyman
had not transgressed the law, although the author points out that the
application of turpentine to a dog's skin harms the animal and is thus grounds
for punishment. However, having read a
British Medical JournalBritish Medical Journal
(1857–1900+)
Waterloo
Directory CloseView the register entry >>
report of the infernal conditions in the
Workhouse Infirmary,
CheltenhamWorkhouse Infirmary, Cheltenham CloseView the register entry >>, urges the need to 'consider our own species in the
first place' and calls for the establishment of a 'Society for the Prevention
of Cruelty to Paupers'. In a postscript presents an extract from a letter to
The TimesThe Times
(1777–1900+)
Waterloo
Directory CloseView the register entry >> in
which the clergyman explains and apologises for his treatment of the dog.
Medical Practitioners, Experiment, Military Technology, Anatomy,
Disease
Discusses a
British Medical JournalBritish Medical Journal
(1857–1900+)
Waterloo
Directory CloseView the register entry >>
report of
Dr SarazinSarazin, Dr
(fl. 1867)
PU1/53/15/1 CloseView the register entry >> of
the
University of StrasbourgUniversity of Strasbourg
CloseView the register entry >>, a medical professor who has been 'trying
experiments to ascertain the kind of effects produced by Chassepot rifle shots
on the human frame'. Notes that his experiments on 'certain "subjects"—of
the animal kingdom' have revealed that when these shots are fired at close
range they produce a large exit wound and inflict disproportionate damage on
the body. Evidently baffled by the human subject of this experiment, suggests
that somebody of 'the spirit and faith of a martyr' has subjected himself to
such a gruesome experiment.
Another response to news of alleged letters between
Isaac NewtonNewton, Sir Isaac
(1642–1727)
DSB CloseView the register entry >> and
Blaise PascalPascal, Blaise
(1623–62)
DSB CloseView the register entry >>
suggesting that Pascal was the true discoverer of the theory of gravitation.
Punch thinks it 'hardly necessary to tell Englishmen that
ISAAC NEWTON did not steal any discoveries
from PASCAL' and insists that, apart from the Germans,
'continentals are shamelessly ignorant about everybody but their own
countrymen, and are delighted to accept any story against an Englishman'.
Reports that Mr Punch considers that the attack on Newton's reputation was
'based on a blundering forgery', and notes that this view is admitted by
'Certain Frenchmen of science'. Opines that while Pascal 'was a great man',
Newton 'saw the apple fall, and immediately thought of gravitation'.
Discusses news of the invention, by an American, of a playbill in which the
names of the performers are affixed to the programme with 'juice of chocolate',
thus enabling theatre-goers to eat the playbill.
Written in the style of a French author speaking English, this poem explains
that
Isaac NewtonNewton, Sir Isaac
(1642–1727)
DSB CloseView the register entry >> is
'one great rascal', 'Ze gravitation was ze fruit of
PASCALPascal, Blaise
(1623–62)
DSB CloseView the register entry >>', and, finally, that
Newton stole an apple out of French orchard 'for his own advance'.
Zoology, Mathematics, Evolution, Animal Development
Suggests that insects appear to be 'developing rapidly', since an
advertisement for 'a serial work on British Moths' states that 'Numbers Four to
Ten contain the Geometers'.
Discusses a report of a musical exhibit in the Chinese department of the
Exposition Universelle
(1867)Exposition Universelle (1867), Paris CloseView the register entry >>, Paris. Draws attention to the 'opinion of competent judges'
that the music resembles that of the contemporary French composer,
Jacques
OffenbachOffenbach, Jacques
(1819–80)
CBD CloseView the register entry >>, even though it was written some 'twenty centuries'
earlier. Believes this should be of interest to the
Anthropological SocietyAnthropological Society of London
CloseView the register entry >> because it
'bears on the question of the possible degeneration of the human race'. Argues
that while the Chinese had their 'Offenbach' twenty centuries ago, 'they have
no such composer now' and 'have been for many ages in a gradual course of
musical declension'. Insists that the Chinese have 'most likely declined in
every other aspect, bodily as well as mental' and worries that 'our
descendants' may degenerate into species that only respond to music 'congenial
to gaiety and animal spirits', or 'long-eared animals, or anthropoid apes'.
Attacks a letter in the
LancetLancet
(1823–1900+)
Waterloo
Directory CloseView the register entry >> from
Daniel H TukeTuke, Daniel Hack
(1827–95)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >> who
stated, in respect of insane murderers, that 'if the law inexorably demands his
life, let him be hung as a declared "madman"'. Ironically agrees with Tuke that
all murderers should be hung, irrespective of motive. Condemns 'retributive
justice' as 'sentimental bosh' and upholds hanging as a way of deterring others
'from committing the same'. Urges that such counsels be 'formally enacted'.
Discusses a report of a recent earthquake in India, advising people in
countries affected by such events that 'they are not unavoidable calamities'
and that they should not believe the title of an article in 'a notorious
Prophetic Alamanack for 1868'—'Earthquakes, and How to Prevent Them'.
Begins by considering the belief that one of the advantages of the electric
telegraph is that it only conveys good news. Argues that since 'no news is good
news' and since 'news that you are certain will be contradicted to-morrow is
very much like no news at all', then the news conveyed by the electric
telegraph is certainly good news. Insisting that telegrams are not to be feared
'when you are used to [them]', presents some specimen messages that John Bull
is likely to receive in connection with Britain's military campaign against
Abyssinia. (162)
Punch, 53 (1867), 163.
Priest after Parson; or, Bettering the Instruction
Animal Behaviour, Crime, Religious Authority, Cruelty
Describes the case of a priest who was charged with maltreating an
'encroaching cat' with turpentine. Notes the similarities to the case of a
parson who applied turpentine to a dog (see
Animal's Friend, '"Pen-and-Ink! Pen-and-Ink!"', Punch, 53 (1867), 139) but observes that, while the parson
was acquitted without any stain on his character, the priest was treated
differently. Explains that the reason for this was that the cat had gone 'mad'
from the pain of the turpentine, and the priest had drowned the animal to end
its suffering. Concludes by discussing the 'odious law of comparison' between
the cases.
Discusses the latest French craze for wearing toads as fashion accessories,
anticipating that other unattractive creatures—including centipedes and
cockchafers—will be used for the same purposes.
Acknowledging that Punch is a 'thorough disbeliever in Spiritualism',
the author presents an account of a spiritualistic séance in which he
and others witnessed communications from the famous pugilist,
Jack GullyGully, John ('Jack')
(1783–1863)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >>, who called
for prize-fighting to be legalised and thus given a chance to become
respectable.
Manufactories, Industry, Machinery, Utilitarianism, Health
Includes a description of the visit of the narrator and his 'funny friend'
to a textile factory where the former conducts his official governmental
inspection work. On entering a room where 'young women are hard at work on
flax', the narrator pays close attention to a large shaft which provides power
to the 'whizzing machines' operated by the women. He quizzes the factory
foreman on why the shaft is not encased in several places, to which the foreman
replies that 'it's been the same every time' and that he 'never noticed it
before'. The party move into a room where there is 'more whirring of wheels'
and 'pale men' keep a 'sharp look out for bits of thread'. The narrator
questions a 'little boy' about his conditions of work and although the child
'answers satisfactorily' he wishes to 'see the Entry Book' to check.
Astrology, Prognostication, Charlatanry, Periodicals, Politics, War,
Quackery, Government
Attacks the 'horribly debilitated fulfilments and predictions' in
Zadkiel's AlmanacZadkiel's Almanac and Herald of Astrology
(1836–1900+)
BUCOP CloseView the register entry >> for
1868. Suggesting that Zadkiel is a contributor to Punch, declares that
he does not deserve the 'encouragement' that the periodical has given him and
that he may 'prophesy no more'. Ridicules the way in which Zadkiel claimed that
the recent assassination of
Emperor MaximillianMaximillian, Ferdinand-Joseph,
Emperor of Mexico
(1832–67)
CBD CloseView the register entry >> of Mexico was
foretold in the positions of the planets, and his erroneous prediction that
1867 would be the year in which
Emperor
Napoleon IIINapoleon III, Emperor of France (originally
Louis Napoléon (Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte))
(1808–73)
CBD CloseView the register entry >> of France would not make any mistakes. Punch
points out that Napoleon has been more 'unlucky' in 1867 than at any other time
during his reign, noting various military and political blunders including
being 'disgraced in Mexico', being 'bullied by Prussia', and failing to make
domestic reforms. Goes on to rubbish Zadkiel's predictions regarding
Prince EdwardEdward VII, King of Great Britain and Ireland and
of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas, Emperor of India
(1841–1910)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >>
and, noting the astrologer's apparent prediction of the Reform Bill, suggests
that Zadkiel's supporters petition
ParliamentHouses of Parliament
CloseView the register entry >> 'against the
astrology laws' and drafts a letter for such a purpose. Written as if by an
author of limited literary ability and considerable credulity, the letter
insists that 'the Hancient siance of Asstrology be Found in truth, and that By
the iffluence of the Evans all men and All things in this world be
governd'.
Utilitarianism, Cruelty, Class, Animal Behaviour, Medical
Practitioners
Suggests that 'Poor-Law Neglecter' is a better name for a 'Poor-Law
Inspector' given the shocking report in the
LancetLancet
(1823–1900+)
Waterloo
Directory CloseView the register entry >> of the
conditions in workhouses. Similarly, challenges the notion of a poor-law
'Guardian', sicne paupers are not guarded from inhuman treatment in the
workhouse. Relishes the fact that some guardians have begun to wince under the
Lancet's probe, although it argues that if guardians fail to do their
duty 'there should be started a Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to
Paupers'.
Describes some of his experiences walking around his seaside residence of
'Shorecliff'. These include his observation of the target practice of the 'H.M.
gunboat Fieldmouse'. The author expresses his ignorance of the principle
'great guns' and armour plating of the period and later enters a public house
where, much to his consternation, the landlord asks him to take apart an
achromatic telescope with which the landlord is observing a distant ship.
Religion, Religious Authority, Health, Pollution, Chemistry,
Narcotics
Discusses a report of a recent soiree given by
Thomas GuthrieGuthrie, Thomas
(1803–73)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >>
at 'Middrie School' (i.e.
Niddrie
SchoolNiddrie School, Edinburgh CloseView the register entry >>, Edinburgh) in which the clergyman described how poor
ventilation in a church in Thurso caused the 600 members of the congregation to
fall asleep. Asks whether the members of the congregation only fall asleep
after the reverend gentleman has mounted the pulpit, and whether they had drunk
whisky the night before.
Responds to an extract from
The TimesThe Times
(1777–1900+)
Waterloo
Directory CloseView the register entry >>
which states that some people still believe that cattle prefer drinking from a
contaminated horse-pond than a running stream. Points out that an analogous
situation exists regarding the Thames, which is supplied with contaminated
water from 'towns above London' and is contaminated with dirt, whether native
or foreign. Concludes by ridiculing the argument that the salubrity of foul
water can be inferred from the fact that 'cattle prefer horse-pond to
rill'.
Begins by explaining that rumours of the unhealthy state of the air in the
tunnels of the underground railways have been dissipated by 'scientific men'
who have declared the 'dangerous element' in the air to be 'inappreciable'.
Presents other worries about underground railway travel to be aired to
'scientific parties' by the 'Great British Fidget'. These include the possible
damage to the eyes caused by moving from daylight to lamplight, the possible
palpitation of the heart caused by seeing the green signal turn red, and the
possible expansion and explosion of the gas carried in boxes on the tops of
trains.
Government, Politics, Medical Practitioners, Medical
Treatment
Begins with an extract from an 'Edinburgh Paper' noting the conferral of the
degree of doctor of law on
Benjamin
DisraeliDisraeli, Benjamin, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield
(1804–81)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >> and
Robert LoweLowe, Robert, 1st Viscount Sherbrooke
(1811–92)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >> by the
University of EdinburghUniversity of Edinburgh
CloseView the register entry >>. The poem
begins by pondering the 'Scotch wut, or irony' that may have linked Disraeli
and Lowe, and proceeds to consider the differences in politics and attitude
between the new doctors. Compares Disraeli and Lowe to two 'Doctors of
Medicine' who 'Each other's physic spurn', and suggests that they learn from
each other. Concludes by advising the statesmen to 'Take what the other
teaches, / For thought the lesson be un-writ, / 'Tis what his practice
preaches. "Physician heal thyself", 'twas said, / If thou would'st heal thy
brother, / So Doctors, if you'd other teach, / Thus, first, learn of
each other'.
Shows a man sitting on a chair in a photographer's studio. The caption
reveals that the sitter has deliberately made the 'operator' unhappy with the
first 'half-dozen' photographs before also spoiling the last.
The writer tells Mr Punch that she wishes to visit the
Zoological Society GardensZoological Society of London —Gardens
CloseView the register entry >>
to see the walrus but that she is prevented from going because of fear of the
'Aunt-eater'. She explains that despite the offer by her nieces to accompany
her to the gardens and her confidence in the arrangements made by the staff for
visitors' safety, she remains frightened by the 'Aunt-eater' owing to the fact
that it ate some aunts who were related to her. Speculates on the eating habits
of the 'Aunt-eater', although this prompts her to seek the stimulant of
smelling salts and brandy and water. In a postscript, she asks whether 'there
is any animal whose ordinary diet is Uncles'.
Comments on a report in the
Haddington
CourierHaddington Courier
(1859–1900+)
British Library Newspaper Catalogue CloseView the register entry >> of the shooting of a golden eagle in East Lothian, an
act prompting the newspaper to claim that the bird is rarely to be seen 'so far
south'. Points out that naturalists and all cultured people would note the
stupidity of shooting such a rare bird, and scorns the report of the shooting
of another rare bird—a little bittern—in East Lothian.
Announces that the 'Rifled Popgun' will be 'placed in the hands of the
Infantry', and believes this will be 'a great improvement on the noisy by
ineffective weapon' hitherto used by the
ArmyArmy
CloseView the register entry >>.
Utilitarianism, Class, Narcotics, Medical Treatment, Health
Reports on the death from exhaustion of a pauper at the
St Pancras Poor Law Union
WorkhouseSt Pancras Poor Law Union Workhouse
CloseView the register entry >>. Explains that the deceased was denied the brandy that
would have revived him because the poor-law guardian locked away the liquor.
Adds that the administration of the brandy and other stimulants is now to be
placed in the hands of the matron and head nurse of the workhouse infirmary.
Concludes that this resolution has cost the guardians some effort but that
because they saved brandy they have 'been let down so lightly as by a mere
deposition from the dignity of "The Ruler of the Spirits"'. This is a possible
reference to
Carl M F E von
Weber'sWeber, Carl Maria (Friedrich Ernst) von
(1786–1826)
CBD CloseView the register entry >> opera Der Freischütz.
Military Technology, Religious Authority, War, Miracle,
Supernaturalism
Discusses a
Morning
PostMorning Post and Daily Advertising Pamphlet
(1772–1900+)
Waterloo Directory
CloseView the register entry >> report of the visit of
Pope Pius IXPius IX, Pope
(1792–1878)
CBD CloseView the register entry >> to a
military hospital where a wounded soldier from France (then at war with Italy)
explain to him the mechanism of the Chassepot Rifle. Accounts for this
apparently puzzling interest by the 'Prince of Peace' in a weapon of war by
pointing out that the Pope wanted to know how this weapon had '"done wonders"
for the temporalities of the Holy See', the only wonders, Punch adds,
that have been 'done for the Papacy' of late. Concludes by speculating whether
the Pope will explain the miracle of the 'winking Madonna of Rimini' in
return.
Punch, 53 (1867), 206.
A Sample of Spirit Poetry (From our Superstitious
Correspondent)
Begins by presenting a sample of 'spirit-poetry', which the correspondent
hopes will overcome even Mr Punch's 'inveterate' incredulity. Reveals that the
poem is extracted from the
Spiritual
MagazineSpiritual Magazine
(1860–77)
Waterloo
Directory CloseView the register entry >> from which the author also quotes a letter explaining
the difficulty with which the medium produced the poem. The author attributes
the poor quality of the poem to the fact that it came from a 'low' spirit, an
argument which he supports by suggesting that the poor quality of 'gravestone
poetry' is likewise produced by 'illiterate spirits'.
Praises both
John TyndallTyndall, John
(1820–93)
DSB CloseView the register entry >> and
his 'Lectures on Sound', but questions his argument that just as words of prose
can be reduced 'by proper arrangement' to poetry, so the 'uproar of streets
might be converted into the music of the orchestra'. Attempts to convert an
extract from Tyndall's lecture into poetry but considers the result to be
'scarcely better' than the poetry of
Walt WhitmanWhitman, Walt
(1819–91)
CBD CloseView the register entry >> and
asks Tyndall to reveal a 'better art of arrangement'.
Addressed to a spoof Oxford classicist, Dr Birch, this letter discusses
Robert Lowe'sLowe, Robert, 1st Viscount Sherbrooke
(1811–92)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >>
hostility to classics teaching in schools and notes Dr Birch's likely hostility
to Lowe for also denigrating mathematics training.
Describes a visit to the
Exposition Universelle
(1867)Exposition Universelle (1867), Paris CloseView the register entry >>, Paris, where the letter-writer observed the electric lights
in the exhibition grounds and the display of English cannons, which he was
pleased to see made the French angry and envious. Later he likens the
ring-shaped exhibition gardens to the rings of Saturn.
Astronomy, Observation, Commerce, Politics, Government, Hospitals,
Medical Treatment, Utilitarianism
Begins with an extract from the
Pall Mall
GazettePall Mall Gazette
(1865–1900+)
Waterloo Directory
CloseView the register entry >> describing the clouds that obscured Londoners' view of
a recent meteor shower. The poem develops a metaphorical interpretation of the
newspaper's observation that London was 'under a cloud' during the meteor
shower, and considers some of the aspects of social and political life that
could also be said to be 'under a cloud'. For example, describes the 'meteors
of flash financiering' whose stock has gone 'under a cloud' since the smash of
'Black Friday', the 'chaos and clash' of the last parliamentary session which
left
Benjamin
DisraeliDisraeli, Benjamin, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield
(1804–81)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >> 'the man in possession / And public men "under a cloud"',
and the 'Poor-Law-Board laches, misfeasance, / And Union-Infirmary
hells' that show 'Red-tapeism' to be 'under a cloud"'. Concludes by observing
the wonder that 'star-showers should follow / The example [...] And, like other
things gassy and hollow, / Fail with last year's éclat to come
out'.
Complains that the Atlantic telegraph 'tells such lies' to this country and
asks how many such lies are sent from the English to the American end of the
cable. Suggests that owing to the unreliable nature of telegraphic
communications, 'the "telegram" will soon be synonymous with "crammer"'.
Noting
James
Glaisher'sGlaisher, James
(1809–1903)
DSB CloseView the register entry >> publication of letters on the recent meteor shower (which
was only seen in Canada), plays on the similarity between Glaisher and glazier.
Asks the meteorologist to repair 'the windows of the dark' and questions the
use of a 'GLAZIER' at the
Royal Observatory, GreenwichRoyal Observatory, Greenwich CloseView the register entry >>,
who does not 'attend to his business'.
Alarmed by a report explaining that the latest in French fashion is the
wearing of swansdown feathers. Questions whether 'Fine feathers' make 'fine
ladies' and pities the fact that 'fine birds should be destroyed for the mere
sake of their fine feathers'. Anticipates that swans and other birds, whose
feathers are the latest in fashion, will be slaughtered, and pities these
birds. Points out that peacocks and pheasants are in less danger because their
feathers can be 'imitated easily', and accordingly urges ladies to wear
imitation instead of real feathers.
Begins by distinguishing the 'carnivorous creatures' defined by
Georges CuvierCuvier, Georges
(1769–1832)
DSB CloseView the register entry >>,
the 'graminivorous creatures' defined by
Richard OwenOwen, Richard
(1804–92)
DSB CloseView the register entry >>, and
the 'pecunivorous creatures' defined by 'PUNCHAEUS'. Explains
that one species of this genus is the 'Special Commissionerman' who is
commissioned by Mr Punch to investigate 'the truth of certain allegations that
have lately been made' concerning the 'mental destitution' of people 'whose
incomes range from £100 to £100,000 a year' and to 'ascertain
whether they are without the common necessaries of education'. Adds that Mr
Punch has supplied each of the commissioners with a copy of
Robert Lowe'sLowe, Robert, 1st Viscount Sherbrooke
(1811–92)
ODNB CloseView the register entry >>
'Edinburgh address' in which the statesman criticised the antiquated
educational programmes at English schools and universities (see
Stultus Smith, 'Lowe Ideas', Punch, 53 (1867), 207). Claims that this investigation
produced 'an immense mass of matter' but presents five spoof cases that
demonstrate the need for the 'Ministers of the Crown to introduce a scheme for
the general and compulsory education rate in February next'. These include
Cecil Augustus Hambleton, a forty year-old government worker whose grammar
school education involved reading such works as
Butler 1813Butler, Samuel
1813. A Sketch of Modern and Antient Geography, for the Use of Schools,
Shrewsbury: W. Eddowes
CloseView the register entry >> but who confesses
to having remembered only a little classical, historical and geographical
knowledge, including 'the geographical position of Epirus and the Symplegades'
and the 'uses of the blowpipe'. Another case is Evelyn Allingham Etheredge, a
twenty-seven year-old cavalry officer who appears to have forgotten most of his
school knowledge of history and the classics. He '[i]s not certain whether the
sun moves round the earth, or the earth round the sun', believes the Jacobins
are 'fancy pigeons', and cannot 'cast up his tradesman's bills'. Similarly,
Mabel Meredith Ashton, a twenty-year old governess, admits that she is 'not
pressed by her partners for her views on the probable exhaustion of our
coal-fields, and the nature of the implements found in the Drift'.
Describes a visit to the
Smithfield Club Cattle ShowSmithfield Club—Cattle Show
CloseView the register entry >>. The
writer reveals his ignorance of various breeds of livestock on show including
the 'runts' and 'cross-breeds' and his lack of knowledge of the 'throng of
implements'. Nonetheless, he explains that he saw 'everything that a gentleman
engaged in agricultural pursuits [...] could desire to get credit for, from a
steam-engine to a sausage machine', as well as a 'cheap and expeditious
chaff-cutter', a 'dove-tailing machine', and 'Whalebone and Gutta Percha
Jockeys' for anatomists and anthropologists to study'.
Begins by announcing the establishment of the 'Fat Pauper Show', a 'sequel'
to the
Smithfield Club Cattle ShowSmithfield Club—Cattle Show
CloseView the register entry >> in
which the poor law guardians, smarting after the
Lancet'sLancet
(1823–1900+)
Waterloo
Directory CloseView the register entry >> 'probings'
into their practices, are 'anxious to show that there are workhouses in
England, where poor people are well housed, well treated, and well fed', and
that reports of brutalities at the
Farnham Poor Law Union
WorkhouseFarnham Poor Law Union—Workhouse
CloseView the register entry >> are exceptions to the rule. Explains that the new show
will be held at the
Agricultural Hall, IslingtonAgricultural Hall, Islington CloseView the register entry >>, and
prizes will be awarded to the most corpulent paupers. Adds that just as gold
medals are awarded to the best breeder of the Cattle Show, so the 'Fat Pauper
Show' will feature a 'Gold Medal to the Feeder'. Presents extracts from a
supposed report on the show which describes the age, diet, and weight of
paupers, and concludes by adding that the new show will feature displays of
artefacts from the workhouse, including 'the stubbly, unclean mattress which
sick paupers have to sleep upon' and the wheelbarrows used as bath-chairs.
Shows a woman strolling down a street wearing a dress with a huge train made
from peacocks' feathers The caption explains that 'As birds' feathers and train
dresses are all the go, Miss Swellington adopts one of nature's own
designs'.
Education, Gender, Cultural Geography, Religious Authority
Discusses the resistance, reported in the
Morning
PostMorning Post and Daily Advertising Pamphlet
(1772–1900+)
Waterloo Directory
CloseView the register entry >>, of
Félix A P DupanloupDupanloup, Félix Antoine Philibert
(1802–78)
WBI CloseView the register entry >>, Bishop
of Orleans, to proposals to institute 'cheap lectures' in 'every principal town
in France' on 'history, geography, astronomy, natural science, and chemistry,
to young ladies of the middle classes'. Questions the apparent view of
Dupanloup that such education is not 'good intellectual meat for young ladies',
and suggests that the Bishop would have this 'food for the mind [...] subjected
to Ecclesiastical Cookery' before giving it to the women.
Describes the chief location and chemical characteristics of sulphur and
wonders how this could be 'Mingled [...] With interior fat of swine' in order
to cure several statesmen of their wish 'to pen / People out of tavern doors'
on holidays.